Improvement in grinding and polishing metals



motion sidewise.

UNITED STATES PATENT`` j OFFICE.

JAMEs DODGE, OE WATEEFOED, NEW vonk.`

IMPROVEMENT |N GRINDING AND POLISHINGMETALS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 47,527, dated May 2, 1865.

. `"description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying sheet of drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

This invention consists in various improved arrangements of machinery or apparatus for grinding one or more regular or irregular shaped articles at one operation with speed and exactness. In one arrangement lyemploy two ordinary or composition grindstones, and cause them to revolve and move to and fro simultaneously according to the pattern, and also,when desired,have a to-and-fro traversing The bearin gs for the shafts of the stones a-re connected to right and left handed screws, and are also placed on slides working horizontally on the bed of the machine. The outer ends of the slides are connected to the aforesaid right and left handed screws land their inner ends are in "contact with templets or pattern-bars, or plates fixed to the outside of a frame adapted for vertically slidin g up and down at the exterior of the sides of the stones. This frame slides in guides fixed to the bed and holds one or more articles to be ground at one operation, y the articles being either revolving or stationary, as required. 1

The manner in which this arrangement of my invention is to be performed will be clearly understood by referring to the figures and letters in the accompanying sheet of drawings, in whichv Figures 1 and 2 are side and end eleva-tions of the machinery adapted for grinding mule and other spindles for spinning, round fileblanks, and other similar articles.

To the standards or legs a is fixed the bed b, havingat the top projecting side flanges, c,

on which work the slides d, having upon them the pedestals or bearings e, which carry the shafts f, to which are fixed the grindstones g,

the upper parts of which are surrounded by casings h. To the under side of the pedestals t are flxed the nuts i, which pass through slots `in the slides and the` flanges of the lbed and fit right and left handed screws 7" k, the top f ends of which are attachedby collars to the outer ends of the slides and their other ends connected by the boss l, having in it pins which work in slotted holes at the` ends ofthe screws, so that the slides, pedestals,fstones, .A

and screws'may be `able to move to and from `each other the length ofthe slotsin thescrews,`

without the screwsbeing turned. The outer ends of two of the screws are connected by the shaft m and bevel-gear n, so that all the screws may be turned simultaneously and -draw the pedestals e and stones g nearer to' gether Orrmove them farther apart, accord-A ing to the directionin which `thelscrews :aie turned. At each side of the bed b there `are guides o, to which are `fitted the vertical frame p, having at the topl the cross-bar q and at any required distance` below it the cross-bar r, which is thinner `than the dian es ter of the articles to be ground. `To the trp f of the frame at each side are connected tLe templets, pattern-barsor,plates @which ale y guided in holes in the bed b, and have two f their sides in contact with the inner ends, t, of lthe slides ol when the machine is working.`

The upper cross-bar, q, carries short spindlts or chucks u, having `at the `bottom centxr,

holes and at the top the small toothed whees or pinions o, oneof which gears into thetooth-A edwheel lw, fixed to the shaft w, having a screw, y

g/,fittinga nut, affixed to the bed, b. l The shaft fr, near the upper end, works in a bearing, a', on the sliding frame p,.and to the top lof the shaft is fixed awheel and handle b' for working it by hand, or a pulley or toothed wheel for work-.ng it by power. TheA lower cross-bar, r, has also a number of centerh'ols; corresponding with those fin thespindles or chucks u, and in the centersin both bars are *y placed the spindles c', or the roundleblanks u or other articles to be ground, the shortspini dles or chucks u being raised forthe purpose,

and afterward lowered and pressed` on the articles, the sides of the center holes in the bar r being cut away to allow the stones to reach the bottom of the articles.

" tact with the outer ends of the slides d for the purpose of keeping the inner end s t of the slides close up to the varied form of the templets or pattern-bars, the slotted holes in the ends ofthe screws enabling them to do so.

'Ihe stones have revolving motion imparted to them by means of pulleys or by gearing, and, when desired, traversing motion may be given to the stones in the same or opposite direction by cams e or by any other means.

When the sliding frame p is charged -with the articles to be ground and the inner ends, t, of the slides d placed in contact with the templets or patterubars s, b'oth grindstones are made to revolve, and then simultaneously brought up to their work by the right and left handed screws, after which the shaft .fr is turned by hand or power, and descends as the screw y passes through the nut z, bringing down the sliding frame with its contents and the temple-ts or pattern-bars, and at the same time turning by means of the toothed wheel and pinions the short spindles or chucks u,

and with them the articles to be ground. Vhen the shaft v is turned the reverse way,

' it raises the sliding frame and parts connected with it, and the articles revolve in a reverse direction, and as the templets or patternbars move up and down they work in unison with the double springs d', and cause the slides and stones to move to and .fro and grind the when in contact with the grindstones they will turn by the friction 'of the grinding, and thus 4`dispense with the necessity of turning them by gearing, and although I have only shown a screw for giving the up-and-down movement to the sliding frame and templets, I may einy ploy racks on the sliding frame gearing into Ypinions revolving alternately in different directions; or the frames may be worked by a Y mangle motion or any other reciprocating movement.

Instead ot' the strong, double springs which press against the outer ends of the slides, I may employ india rubber or coiled metal springs placed in any suitable position, and instead ot' having stationary cross-bars in the sliding frame, I may make them adjustable for adapting them tothe varied length of the articles to be ground.

e When it is required to grind one ormore iiat irregular pieces, such as square or ilat fileblanks, tools, or other articles of any number of sides, I arrange the cross-bars with clamps or holders for holding the pieces stationary in the sliding frame, and thereby enable two sides of the piece to be ground of the same shape as the templets, and when twoor more flat and thin regular pieres are to be ground, I place them in pairs, one behind thei other, and insert between them a yielding bed for the purpose of equalizing the pressure.

I modify the arrangement of the machinery shown in the drawings by placing the sliding frame and templets horizontal instead of vertical, but in this case only one article can be ground at a time.

1n some cases, instead of giving the traversin g motion tothe grindstones for the purpose of keeping them flat and even, I give the traversing motion to the articles to be ground, and instead ot' employing two stones I sometimes use one only, and maintain thearticles to Ybe ground in proper contact with it by rollers or other suitable supports, the stone being moved from the supports orV the supports from the stone, according to the pattern required.

In all cases when the articles are to be polished emery and other polishing wheels are used instead of the grindstones.

Thus the mechanism shown in the drawings is adapted for grinding and polishing one or more round articles of a regular or fr* irregular shape, and, by changing some of the parts, for grinding one or more dat articles of an irregular shape, and also two or more thin at articles of a regular shape, when theV said articles are placed back to back with a yielding substance between them.

',Ihe same results can be obtained from one grindstone orpolishing-wheel when the sliding frame and templets work up and down vertically; but when either one or two grindstones or polishing-wheels are used and the sliding frame and templets move horizontally, one article only is ground.

-. I claiml. The method of and machinery or apparatus for grinding and polishing spindles, tools, .file-blanks, and other regular orirre'gular shaped articles, substantially as herein described-that is to say, by the employment of two revolving grindstones or polishingwheels in combination with a mechanism for moving in accordance with a pattern the said stones or wheels, or either of them, while revolving, to and from each other, substantially as herein set forth.

2. For grinding and polishing round articles, in combination with the above, causing the said articles to revolve in contact with the grindstone or polishingwheels, substantially as set forth.

A JAMES DODGE.

. Signed by said JAMES DODGE in presence J oI-IN BLooDwoRTH, Patent Agent, 20

Cross street, Manchester.

G. SEPTiMUs HUGHES, Patent Agent,

20 Cross slreet, Manchester. 

